This camera has made me realize that I have used the term, "Pioneer Camera" a little too loosely in my descriptions of other cameras on my web site. This is such an early camera that it is from the period before sprocket holes were standardized. It does use standard film though. This camera has a number 88 stamped in it. I think this camera is from around 1906 or earlier. The camera was refinished many, many years ago and has a spectacular look and a wonderful feel to it. The wood is wonderful. The lens is a 54mm serie II, F3.8 Anastigmat Lucidious made in Paris by H. Duplouich. The iris works smoothly and the lens is clear enough to shoot with today. Quite rarely, the lens is original. It has two really early F stop markings, F 13 and F 23. I have only seen these markings on cameras before 1910.